Probable Cause
Probable Cause
Preliminary Hearings: From Safeguard to Rubber Stamp
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Preliminary Hearings: From Safeguard to Rubber Stamp

Why California’s low standard of proof almost always pushes felony cases toward trial — or worse, plea bargains.

Ever wonder why preliminary hearings almost never result in dismissed charges? Criminal defense attorney Rick Horowitz explains how California’s so-called “Truth in Evidence” rules turned prelims from meaningful case screenings into prosecutorial rubber stamps.

You’ll learn what “hold to answer” really means (spoiler: it doesn’t mean going back to jail), why police officers can testify to hearsay instead of live witnesses, and how the burden of proof got so low that “maybe times maybe” now equals probable cause.

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